Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Phytoconstituents in the Medicinal Plant Amaranthus viridis L.

Author: Helen P.A.M. and Bency B.J.

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Abstract

Owing to the fact that plant extracts exist as a mixture of bioactive compounds with dissimilar polarities, their segregation remained a great challenge for the process of identification and characterization of bioactive compounds. The current study was designed to isolate and identify bioactive phytoconstituents in the medicinal plant Amaranthus viridis L. The leaf methanol and stem ethyl acetate extracts were subjected to TLC, where chloroform: methanol (95:5) showed spot with minimum Rf value 0.3. Maximum antidiabetic activity was exhibited by LMF8 fraction and highest antiurolithiatic activity was observed in SEAF12 fraction of stem ethyl acetate fractions obtained from column chromatography. The GC-MS chromatograms of fraction LMF8 contained Decane, 1,1-Diethoxy-(100%) and the stem ethyl acetate fraction SEAF12 exhibited the presence of Epibromohydrine (100%). Decane, 1,1-Diethoxy- and Epibromohydrine compounds obtained from the fractions have been confirmed by NMR spectroscopy analysis. The mass spectrum of compound LMF8 showed a strong molecular ion peak at m/z between 230-231 with molecular weight of 230.392 which corresponds to the molecular formula C14H30O2 of Decane 1,1-Diethoxy while compound SEAF12 contained Epibromohydrine. In this study, two compounds namely Decane 1,1-Diethoxy and Epibromohydrine had been isolated and identified from the bioactive fractions from A. viridis, which has no reports of its toxicity to human, based on literature. Decane 1, 1-Diethoxy and Epibromohydrine have also proved its potential bioactivity against diabetes and urolithiasis respectively.

Keywords

Amaranthus viridis, GCMS, TLC, GC-MS, Decane 1,1-Diethoxy and Epibromohydrine

Conclusion

Though isolation of bioactive compounds from their mixtures in plant material and determination is still challenging, practically many of them have been purified by the combination of thin layer and column chromatographic techniques and identified by GC-MS, FTIR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. In this study, two compounds namely Decane 1,1-Diethoxy and Epibromohydrine had been isolated and identified from the bioactive fractions from A. viridis, which has no reports of its toxicity to human, based on literature. In the current research, the two isolated compounds Decane 1, 1-Diethoxy and Epibromohydrine have also proved its potential bioactivity against diabetes and urolithiasis respectively. Additionally, this is the first time based on literature that these two compounds have been isolated from A. viridis.

References

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How to cite this article

Helen P.A.M. and Bency B.J. (2023). Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Phytoconstituents in the Medicinal Plant Amaranthus viridis L. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(2): 1075-1085.