Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Hybrids and Varieties for Medium Maturity and Quality Components for North - Central India

Author: Hirdesh Kumar, Rashmi Bajpai, Murlidhar J. Sadawarti, Sushma Tiwari, S.P. Singh and R.K. Samadhiya

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, during 2019–20 and 2020–21 to evaluate advanced potato hybrids and varieties for quality and biochemical parameters for commercial cultivation in the North Central region of India. A total of 21 potato cultivars (11 hybrids and 10 varieties) were evaluated. A randomized block design was used to plan the experiment in three replications. Two potato varieties (Kufri Lalit, Kufri Neelkanth) and two hybrids (P-28, MS/12-2116) out of twenty-one performed best in respect of their different bio-chemical properties and hence are recommended for the processing industry in North- Central India. The objective of this work was to evaluate tuber yield at medium maturity. Keeping this view in mind, the present study set out to select suitable and improved varieties of potato having superior growth yield & quality characteristics and better economic variability for commercial production for north- Central India. Variations in quality and biochemical parameters, viz., dry matter content (%), starch content, reducing sugar, total soluble solids, protein content, phenols, and total free amino acids, were recorded in two years among hybrids and varieties tested under the study. Dry matter content was significantly highest in hybrid P-12 (19.71%), and hybrid P-28 (22.20%), hybrid PS/6-39 (25.07%) for 75, 90 DAP and senescence. Reducing sugar content was low in control variety Kufri Lalit, (243.00mg/100) at 75 DAP and (183.67%) at 90 DAP and highest reducing sugar content in control Kufri Khyati (252.67mg/100) at 75 DAP and hybrid J/7-37 (263.00mg/100) at 90 DAP. Low phenol content was recorded in hybrid J/7-37 (91.00 mg/100) on both harvesting days. Hybrid MS/8-1148 (94.67mg/100) at 75 DAP and (83.64mg/100) at 90 DAP contains the mean lowest free amino acid content. The highest starch content (%) was recorded in the control variety Kufri Lalit, (74.41%, 76.26%) on both harvesting days. The highest protein content (%) was recorded in hybrid PS/06-88 (4.93%) at 75 DAP and hybrid MCIP/12-185 (5.56%) at 90 DAP. Highest total soluble solids were recorded in hybrid PS/6-39 (5.41 Brix°) at 75 DAP and hybrid PS/6-39 (7.73 Brix°) at 90 DAP. Under the present study, among hybrids J/7-37 (38.74 t/ha), MS/12-2116 (43.63 t/ha), and P-28 (70.03 t/ha), and among controls K. Neelkanth (42.38 t/ha), K. Lalit (49.13 t/ha), and K. Lalima (66.49 t/ha), significantly higher yields were recorded for 75 DAP, 90 DAP, and at senescence two potato varieties (Kufri Lalit, Kufri Neelkanth) and two hybrids (P-28, MS/12-2116) were found to be suitable for farmer. These potato hybrids and varieties will sustain farmers' income in the changing climate scenario in north-central India.

Keywords

Potato varieties, potato hybrids, dry matter, tuber yield, starch content, reducing sugar, total soluble solids, protein content, phenols, and total free amino acids

Conclusion

The result clearly indicates that hybrids J/7-37 (38.74 t/ha), MS/12-2116 (43.63 t/ha) and P-28 (70.03 t/ha) and among controls K. Neelkanth (42.38 t/ha), K. Lalit (49.13 t/ha) and K Lalima (66.49 t/ha) were most suitable medium duration for cooking and gives high yield in all three days of potato harvesting 75, 90 and at senescence. Most of these hybrids and varieties contain dry matter, starch, reducing sugars, total soluble solids, protein, phenols, and amino acids within acceptable limits, which are required for consumption purposes. This potato hybrid and variety will be especially useful for resource-poor farmers.

References

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How to cite this article

Hirdesh Kumar, Rashmi Bajpai, Murlidhar J. Sadawarti, Sushma Tiwari, S.P. Singh and R.K. Samadhiya (2023). Evaluation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Hybrids and Varieties for Medium Maturity and Quality Components for North - Central India. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(2): 1245-1250.