Development and Characterization of Chitosan-Functionalized Biodegradable Nanoparticles for the Enhanced Hepatoprotective effects against Liver Fibrosis

Author: Saurabh Arjariya, Ritesh Jain and Neeraj Sharma

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Abstract

The obstacles behind the usage of silymarin (SYL) against liver ailments has a limited oral bioavailability due to its weak water solubility and low membrane permeability, which restricts its therapeutic potential. Develop and test safe, biocompatible, Silymarin dehydroemtine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SYL-DH-CNPs) for hepatic administration in order to increase anti-fibrotic activity in rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. The SYL-DH-CNPs was synthesized using the ionotropic gelation procedure, and they are assessed for particle size, shape, and zeta potential analysis. Successfully formulated SYL-DH-CNPs was subjected to in vivo evaluation to determine their therapeutic efficacy for 30 days of animal studies. The in vivo study showed that the synthesised SYL-DH-CNPs had a strong antifibrotic therapeutic efficacy against CCl4 -induced hepatic damage in rats. The liver functions, inflammatory markers, antioxidant pathway activation, and lipid peroxidation reduction in SYL-DH-CNPs -treated rats were all significantly improved. They also had a healthy body weight, normal liver weight and liver index values, and reduced lipid peroxidation. Histopathology analysis confirmed the anti-fibrotic properties of SYL-DH-CNPs. Overall the findings suggested that SYL-DH-CNPs are the most effective carrier to target liver cells elevating the bioavailability at desired site and in the management of hepatic fibrosis.

Keywords

Silymarin, chronic liver disease, chitosan nanoparticles, SLY bioavailability

Conclusion

In the current study, we used the ionotropic gelation process to successfully create Silymarin-Dehydroemetine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SYL-DH-CNPs). The created nanoparticles have physicochemical characteristics that were optimal for effectively delivering Silymarin-DH to target liver cells. When compared to free drug combination the SYL-DH-CNPs in vitro drug release demonstrated greater drug release and bioavailability. Also, the in vivo study's findings showed that, when compared to drug itself, the generated SYL-DH-CNPs shown better effects against CCl4 toxicity-induced liver fibrosis with lower oxidative damage and improved antioxidant defence system. This could happen via down regulating the main fibrosis mediators by targeting and enhancing the hepatic expression. Together with the enhanced bio pharmacokinetics lowering level and the decrease of oxidative stress, these results led to the inhibition of the pathogenic pathways responsible for the formation of liver fibrosis, chronic inflammation, and collagen deposition. These findings imply that the oral distribution of SYL-DH in its nanoformulation with SYL-DH-CNPs is a feasible alternative for its potential therapeutic use in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Additionally the usage and delivery of biodegradable chitosan based SLY-DH nanoparticles may increase the bioavailability at the desired site bypassing the systemic toxicity and decreasing the dose duration with dose regimen. In building the targeted drug delivery system against the liver ailment not only decrease the heavy dose dependency of conventional dosage form but also provide the novel therapeutics system against liver disease with negligible toxicity and cost economic management.

References

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How to cite this article

Saurabh Arjariya, Ritesh Jain and Neeraj Sharma (2023). Development and Characterization of Chitosan-Functionalized Biodegradable Nanoparticles for the Enhanced Hepatoprotective Effects Against Liver Fibrosis. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(3): 161-168.