Autoclave-assisted Green Synthesis of Gumkaraya-based Silver nanoparticles and its Antibacterial Potentials

Author: Shyamala Chandra Rokkala, Vidya Chernapalli, Suresh Velpula and Karuna Rupula

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Abstract

The rise of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains and the lack of therapeutically effective treatments have enhanced the need for the development of innovative antibacterial agents more evident in recent years. Due to their proven antibacterial activity, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of great interest in treating bacterial infections. Highly stable silver nanoparticles have been synthesized using solubilized karaya gum (KG) by autoclave method. The stability of karaya-based nanoparticles (KG-AgNPs) influenced by various factors such as reaction time, pH, ionic and gum concentrations were investigated. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TEM. The synthesized KGAgNPs showed significant antibacterial activity on both the gram-positive (S. aureus) and gram-negative (P. aeruginosa) bacteria with a zone of inhibition 13 and 15 mm respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the KG-AgNPs for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were determined as 14 and 10 µg/mL, respectively. The mode of action studies were based on analysis of (membrane damage, K+ ion leakage, and status of ROS) which revealed that the KG-AgNPs act as efficient antibacterial agents. In the present study AgNPs were synthesized using a natural biopolymer (KG) directly without the role of any reducing agent and the as synthesized nanoparticles act as a potent antibacterial agents for pharmaceutical applications in near future. In conclusion, the KG-AgNPs synthesized were highly stable and effective antibacterial agents.

Keywords

Silver nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Karaya gum, antibacterial activity, oxidative stress, mode of action

Conclusion

The present investigation, reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using karaya gum as a stabilizing and reducing agent by the green chemistry approach. The as synthesized KG-AgNPs were successfully characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopic analysis, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, and XRD. The synthesized KG-NPs showed optimal antibacterial activities against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The KG-AgNPs exhibited cytoplasmic leakage studies, membrane damage, disrupted permeability, and enhanced ROS production against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in comparison to amikacin, a standard antibiotic. In conclusion, the results of the current study indicate that the karaya gum-based AgNPs have potential antibacterial activity. The study encourages to further improvise in terms of the synthesis of desired nanostructures (size and shape) with extensive applications in the development of potential nano drugs that can target bacteria particularly multidrug-resistant ones, various other microbial pathogens, and also as biosensors in diagnostics.

References

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How to cite this article

Shyamala Chandra Rokkala, Vidya Chernapalli, Suresh Velpula and Karuna Rupula (2023). Autoclave-assisted Green Synthesis of Gumkaraya-based Silver nanoparticles and its Antibacterial Potentials. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(3): 181-191.