Multivariate Analysis for Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality Traits of Green Seeded Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes derived from Desi and Kabuli (GKB-10 × MNK-1): Initial Efforts for Green Seeded Chickpea Bio-fortification

Author: Honnappa M., Mannur D.M., Padmashree R., Umesh Babu B.S., Muttappa H., and Archana K.A.

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Abstract

Chickpea is one of the most important nutritious grain legumes crop in the world with plant based protein and mineral elements. There is limited information available on micro and macro nutrients in chickpea. Therefore, an effort was made to evaluate as set of 90 F6 green seeded chickpea genotypes derived from the cross between milky white Kabuli genotype with Desi green seeded genotypes (MNK-1 and GKB-10) for nutrients such as Protein (Pr), Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Calcium (Ca), Boron (Bo), Cupper (Cu), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn) which are analyzed by ICP-MS technique, and grain yield per plant using multivariate analysis. Results from ANOVA revealed that mean MSS due to test genotypes vs checks exhibited highly significant difference for all the nutrient parameters studied except for grain yield per plant, genetic variability revealed existence of High GCV, PCV and heritability (h2) coupled with high GAM for the entire nutrient parameters studied and grain yield per plant except for the protein content. The correlation analysis revealed as high positive inter correlation among the nutrient parameters, grain yield per plant however shown positive non-significant association for Pr, Zn, Bo, Cu and Mn, while Fe, Ca and K nutrients revealed negative non-significant association. The PC analysis with three component viz., PC1, PC2 and PC3 showed 53.96%, 11.03% and 10.40% of variations among the studied parameters respectively, with total cumulative variance of 73.39%, the diversity analysis grouped the genotypes 3 major cluster, cluster III is being major group consisting of 32 green seeded genotypes fallowed by Cluster II and cluster I, the average inter and intra cluster distance was also calculated for these nutrient parameters, the genotypes belongs to the cluster I found to be higher side for all the nutrient content studied, so these promising lines may serve as a genetic resource for improving the nutritional qualities and giving an opportunity for bio-fortification to combat micronutrient malnutrition.

Keywords

Green seeded chickpea, Multivariate analysis, Desi and Kabuli type, Principle component analysis

Conclusion

The present study that used multivariate techniques to appraise the measure of genetic variation in micro and macro nutrient parameters with grain yield components of 90 green seeded chickpea genotypes with Kabuli types was a first step in achievement an understanding into the genetic diversity of Desi green seed with Kabuli milky white parental genotypes, which is an important step towards an efficient utilization of genetic resources of chickpea breeding. Results from the work revealed existence of sufficient amount of variability giving an opportunity for exploring the genetic diversity along with strong association between the micro and macro nutrients studied. The classifying of genotypes would be of practical value to chickpea breeders to identify the genotype with desired trait for utilization in breeding program for genetic improvement. The cluster analysis classified the chickpea genotypes into three separate clusters, exhibiting that hybridization of genotypes across clusters could lead to increase in heterosis in cross progenies. The results of present study can be used in breeding strategies for future hybridization programs for nutrition improvement and to combat micronutrient malnutrition by generating bio-fortified green Kabuli chickpea genotypes which can be used as a nutrient dense seeds to mitigate many human health problems associated with protein and micronutrient deficiency.

References

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How to cite this article

Honnappa M., Mannur D.M., Padmashree R., Umesh Babu B.S., Muttappa H., and Archana K.A. (2023). Multivariate Analysis for Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality Traits of Green Seeded Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes derived from Desi and Kabuli (GKB-10 × MNK-1): Initial Efforts for Green Seeded Chickpea Bio-fortification. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(3): 313-325.