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Human Schistosomiasis Disease: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment according to WHO Guidelines

Author: Kiran Mahajan, Komal Nirale, Shubhrajit Mantry, Shital Bidkar and Ganesh Dama

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Abstract

Human schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease brought on by blood worms that infect the liver, colon, bladder, and urethra among other organs. With the use of Praziquantel, vaccinations, and gene therapy, this illness might be cured. One of the neglected tropical illnesses that has a major impact on people's health in Ethiopia is schistosomiasis. The sole medication used to treat human schistosomiasis in the nation is praziquantel. These parasites have two types of hosts throughout their life cycles: snails and mammals. Schistosomiasis symptoms can be acute or persistent. Fever and headache are two examples of acute schistosomiasis's clinical symptoms. Dysuria and hyperplasia are two signs of persistent infections. The five species that can infect people. S. haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni are the three strains that are most common. The Kato-Katz and PCR are two methods for schistosomiasis detection. The only medication that effectively treats this condition at the moment is praziquantel.

Keywords

Schistosomiasis, Praziquantel, Schistosoma mansoni, S. japonicum, PCR, Sporocysts

Conclusion

This review revealed that Praziquantel is the only medication that can currently be used to treat schistosomiasis. There are three main species of worm i.e., S. haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni. that can infect humans. In the schistosomiasis life cycle, hosts include both snails and animals. Snails can reproduce asexually, while mammals can only reproduce sexually. Two further drugs that have showed promise in the treatment of schistosomiasis are oxamniquine for S. mansoni and metrifonate for S. haematobium, but they are either no longer widely available or have been abandoned due to significant toxicity.

References

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How to cite this article

Kiran Mahajan, Komal Nirale, Shubhrajit Mantry, Shital Bidkar and Ganesh Dama (2023). Human Schistosomiasis Disease: Diagnosis, Management and Treatment According to WHO Guidelines. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(3): 347-351.