Genetic Variability and Character Association for Grain Yield and it’s Related Traits in South Indian Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties

Author: Krishnamrutha T. Suresh, S.V. Sai Prasad, C.V. Sameer Kumar and T. Ramesh

Download PDF

Abstract

With current trend in the population growth, the demand for food in most parts of the world is increasing year by year. However, variability in yield among the crop species may be exhausted sooner or later, limiting the potential for additional crop improvement. As a result, understanding the genetic diversity of crop species is crucial for any crop improvement programmes. Hence the present investigation was carried out at Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad during kharif 2022 with 96 rice lines to assess the genetic variability for yield and its attributing traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all the traits studied. The estimates of PCV were slightly higher than the corresponding GCV for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, number of grains/panicle, weight of grains/panicle, 1000 grain weight and SPAD indicating that direct selection can be practiced for these characters. High heritability with high genetic advance were recorded for days to 50% flowering, flag leaf length& width, number of grains/panicle, weight of grains/panicle, 1000 grain weight and SPAD before booting indicating predominance of additive gene action. Correlation studies revealed that, the grain yield/plot had a significant and positive association with number of productive tillers/meter (0.27), weight of grains/panicle (0.32), biomass/plot (0.93) and harvest index (0.40). Tocher's clustering approach was used to group all genotypes into 10 clusters in which, cluster II was found to be the largest with 47 genotypes.

Keywords

Rice, Lattice design, Genetic variability, Correlation, Genetic diversity

Conclusion

From the findings of present investigation, it can be concluded that a significant degree of genetic variation exists in ninety-six South Indian rice genotypes, since they displayed a broad range of variance for all of the traits evaluated. Higher estimates of genetic parameters like PCV, GCV, broad sense heritability and genetic advance were observed for number of grains/panicle, weight of grains/panicle and 1000 grain weight indicating predominance of additive gene action. As a result, these traits are fixable and should be prioritised in future crop improvement programmes. The attributes such as, number of productive tillers/meter, weight of grains/panicle, biomass/plot, and harvest index might be utilised for yield enhancement, since they have a direct positive influence on grain yield/plot. D2 analysis revealed that selected genotypes are highly diverse and are grouped into a total of 10 clusters. The accessions belonging to most distant clusters, namely (VIII and X), and (VI and X) might be used directly or as parents in the hybridization programme for yield improvement.

References

-

How to cite this article

Krishnamrutha T. Suresh, S.V. Sai Prasad, C.V. Sameer Kumar and T. Ramesh (2023). Genetic Variability and Character Association for Grain Yield and it’s Related Traits in South Indian Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(6): 53-59.