Evaluation of Cut and Whole Seed Tubers under different Planting Geometry on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production

Author: Kratika Nayak, S.P. Singh, Deep Singh Sasode, S.K. Sharma, Omprakash Parihar, M.J. Sadawarti, Vinod Kumar and Dharminder Verma

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted entitled “Evaluation of cut and whole seed tubers under different planting geometry on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production” at research farm, ICAR-CPRI-RS, Gwalior (M.P.) during the winter season of 2021-22. The experiment was planted under Randomized Block Design having 4 treatment combinations replicated five times. Size of seed tubers and planting geometry determine the quantum of seed for a unit area. Availability of 40-50g tubers for planting is problem as it constitutes 20-25% of total seed production. Under the circumstances, farmers have option either use higher seed rate or optimize seed rate by cutting seed tubers. The maximum plant emergence percent (90.50%), highest growth parameters viz., plant height (80.52 cm), number of stem per plant (6.34) and number of compound leaves per plant (78.82), yield parameters viz., total number of tuber (560.4 thousand ha-1), total tuber yield (46.33 t ha-1), fresh haulm yield (18.94 t ha-1), dry haulm yield (2.31 t ha-1), biological yield (65.27 t ha-1) were recorded with treatment whole seed tuber (60 × 20 cm²). However in contrast to above results, maximum harvest index (71.54%) found with cut seed tubers ( planted at 60 × 10cm²). Economic parameter viz., Highest cost of cultivation (`134400 ha-1) was recorded in cut seed tubers (planted at 60 × 10 cm²) but gross return (`370640 ha-1) was recorded in whole seed tuber (60 × 20 cm²). Highest net return (`255663ha-1) was recorded in whole seed tuber (planted at 60 × 20 cm²). Similarly, highest benefit cost ratio (2.2) was also recorded with whole seed tuber (planted at 60 × 20 cm²). The results indicate clear advantages of planting whole seed tubers (60 × 20 cm²) compared to cut seed tubers. Whole tubers performed best under 60 × 20 cm² but under compulsion of planting cut seed tubers, planting at 60 × 10 cm² spacing performed best among different intra row spacings.

Keywords

Cut seed, Whole seed, Planting geometry and Potato

Conclusion

On the basis of one year experiment on silty clay loam soil of Madhya Pradesh, it is concluded that the whole seed tubers are significantly superior as compared to cut seed pieces in growth parameters viz., plant emergence, plant height, number of shoots per plant, number of compound leaves per plant, and yield attributes viz., fresh and dry haulm weight per plant, dry matter production and grade wise yield of tuber. Hence, planting of whole seed tubers is recommended. Under the situation of non-availability of whole seed tubers, planting of cut seed pieces is recommended at 60 × 10 cm² spacing.

References

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How to cite this article

Kratika Nayak, S.P. Singh, Deep Singh Sasode, S.K. Sharma, Omprakash Parihar, M.J. Sadawarti, Vinod Kumar and Dharminder Verma (2023). Evaluation of Cut and Whole Seed Tubers under different Planting Geometry on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(6): 176-181.