Genetic variability Analysis of Yield and its Attributes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) over the Environment

Author: Ravikant Soni, Animesh Chatterjee, Monika Singh and Vinod Kumar

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Abstract

A germplasm comprising 50 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars was carried out to determine the genetic variability for yield and its attributes. The result showed that the analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes studied, emphasize the presence of genetic variation. A higher estimate of the phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation for the flag leaf area followed by flag leaf width, peduncle length, and days to maturity revealed the presence of exploitable genetic variation that can be improved through direct selection. Days to maturity, spike length, plant height, peduncle length, peniculated leaf distance, test weight, flag leaf length, number of grains/spike, flag leaf width, biological yield, grain yield/plot, and number of tillers/plant are examples of traits that have high heritability combined with high genetic advance over a percentage of mean reporting selection. Also, it provides information on genetic advancement and directional selection, which can be utilize indices to enhance selection efficiency. The experimental study find out the specific variable traits will be helpful for selection of desired traits under breeding for crop improvement programme.

Keywords

Genotype, genetic variability, environment, heritability, and genetic advance

Conclusion

The above experimentation concludes that the higher estimate of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation for flag leaf area followed by flag leaf width, peduncle length and days to maturity, revealed the presence of exploitable genetic variance which can be improved through direct selection. Such observed traits viz., days to maturity, spike length, plant height, peduncle length, peniculated leaf distance, test weight, flag leaf length, number of grains/spike, flag leaf width, biological yield, grain yield/plot and number of tillers/plant, reported high heritability coupled with high genetic advance over percentage of mean reporting selection will be rewarding and effective as traits were likely to be governed by additive genes. It also provides information on the correlated response to directional selection to predict genetic advancements and so on, which can be used as selection indices for the functioning of a more efficient selection program. Also, the above study was very useful for breeders in order to increase yield per se performance.

References

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How to cite this article

Ravikant Soni, Animesh Chatterjee, Monika Singh and Vinod Kumar (2023). Genetic variability Analysis of Yield and its Attributes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) over the Environment. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(6): 215-219.