Current Treatment of COPD - A Review

Author: Aakanksha Tyagi, Vijay Pal Singh and Sanjay Singh

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Abstract

A progressive respiratory disorder known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow. In order to treat COPD, it must be possible to lessen symptoms, enhance quality of life, and avoid exacerbations. The current methods used to treat COPD are summarised in this abstract. The cornerstone of COPD treatment is pharmacological therapies. Airflow is improved and bronchospasm is relieved with bronchodilators, such as short- and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs), and anticholinergic. For individuals who experience frequent exacerbations and eosinophilic inflammation, inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and LABAs are frequently administered together. However, ICS use is individualised depending on exacerbation risk and unique patient characteristics. The management of COPD must include non-pharmacological measures. The best intervention to decrease disease development continues to be quitting smoking. To prevent lung function deterioration and hospitalisations, acute COPD exacerbations require immediate care. During exacerbations, short courses of oral corticosteroids and antibiotics are frequently administered, with clinical and microbiological considerations. In some individuals with persistent respiratory failure, long-term oxygen therapy may be an option. A multimodal strategy combining pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological therapies is required for the management of COPD. The best results come from individualised treatment programmes that take into account the severity of the disease, the likelihood of an exacerbation, and specific patient variables. The range of treatments accessible to COPD patients is constantly expanding thanks to on-going research and improvements in therapeutic approaches. The variability of the illness and the difficulty in creating standardised treatment regimens are two difficulties in understanding and treating COPD. The development of pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological therapies, however, as a result of continuous research and improvements in therapy strategies, has improved results for COPD patients and broadened the spectrum of accessible treatment choices.

Keywords

COPD, Smoking, Bronchodilators, Pulmonary vasculatures, inflammatory

Conclusion

In conclusion, treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involves a combination of pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological approaches. To improve airflow and manage exacerbations in COPD patients, pharmaceutical therapies such bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids are employed. Non-pharmacological therapies like quitting smoking are crucial for the management of illnesses. As soon as an exacerbation occurs, corticosteroids and antibiotics should be given to help arrest further decline. Chronic respiratory failure patients may be candidates for long-term oxygen therapy. The options available to those who suffer from COPD are expanding as a consequence of ongoing research and advancements in therapy modalities that have improved treatment outcomes.

References

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How to cite this article

Aakanksha Tyagi, Vijay Pal Singh and Sanjay Singh (2023). Current Treatment of COPD - A Review. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(6): 348-353.