Nematicidal potential of Plant extracts against the Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

Author: Shilpy Shakya

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Abstract

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are the most effective parasites in nature causing enormous crop yield loss. Due to their ability to excel in a wide variety of the host plants and our lack of knowledge about the biology of these plant parasites, there are limited ways to control them. From among various groups of PPN, endo-parasitic nematodes, Meloidogyne sps., commonly known as root-knot nematodes, are the most damaging one and also difficult to control. Because of the accessibility of the whole genome sequences of a few Meloidogyne species, biotechnological interferences are being used to learn the secrets of their unrestricted survival. The use of chemicals to control these nematodes has been widely documented. The environmental toxicity of these known compounds and the limitations on the use of nematicides in deterrence of nematodes necessitates the screening and exploration of eco-friendly methods. The current study was carried out to assess the nematotoxic potential of leaf extracts from red spiderling (Boerhavia diffusa), atrilal (Peristrophe bicalyculata), chaff-flower (Achyranthes aspera), castor oil plant (Ricinus communis) and pigweed (Anagallis arvensis). The usage of the aqueous extracts hindered the ability of the nematode eggs to hatch, the mobility of second stage juveniles (J2), and the feasibility of the J2. The eggs were exposed to numerous concentrations of the certain extracts for periods ranging from 24 hours to 6 days. The aqueous extracts had an impact on nematode juvenile mortality and egg hatching. Less egg hatching and increased nematode juvenile mortality indicate that leaves of the selected plant possess anti-nematode potential. The results of the study reveal the effectiveness of the natural products and could possibly result in the development of ecologically friendly management strategies for the PPNs.

Keywords

Root-knot nematode, juvenile mortality, management, green approach.

Conclusion

The main source of global food supply comes from agricultural products. Loss of crop yield results in a threat to food security, increased food shortage, malnutrition and starvation. It is, therefore, necessary to produce ample amount of good quality and nutritious food crops. Among other factors, plant parasitic nematodes are a major group that hinder the crop yield. Chemical nematicides are prohibited in several nations due to their environmental harm. In an effort to find alternative control mechanisms, a variety of solutions, from waste materials to cutting-edge molecular procedures, have been researched. Further characterisation of the chemical moieties in the selected leaf extract is necessary for the large-scale synthesis of bioactive compounds. It is safe to say that plant extracts offer an efficient and reasonably cost source for reducing the threat of RKN in fields based on the findings of this screening of anti-nematode capabilities in five selected plants. This experiment shows that Ricinus, followed by Peristrophe, Anagallis, Achyranthes and Boerhavia, has the strongest anti-nematode power against root-knot nematode. Root-knot nematode management is made simple with plant-based remedies. A list of plants that are naturally anti-nematode requires significant research involving a larger variety of plants and numerous nematode species (depending on their feeding habits). The products that contain Ricinus as a main component have shown to be the most reliable.

References

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How to cite this article

Shilpy Shakya (2023). Nematicidal potential of Plant extracts against the Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(6): 467-473.