Impact of different rice Establishment Methods and Conservation Tillage on Leaf Chlorophyll Status of Rice and Succeeding rabi Crops

Author: Sheri Vaishnav, V. Ramulu, B. Balaji Naik, Md. Latheef Pasha, T. Ram Prakash, P. Rajaiah and M. Yakadri

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Abstract

This research investigated the effects of different rice establishment methods and tillage practices on SPAD readings of rice, chickpea, blackgram, and mustard. The study was conducted over two years (2021-2022 and 2022-23) and evaluated machine transplanting (M1), wet direct seeding (M2) and dry direct seeded rice (M3), as rice establishment methods, along with conventional tillage and zero tillage as tillage practices. With respect to rice dry direct seeding reported significantly higher SPAD values at 30 days after sowing (DAS) but in succeeding stages (60. 90 DAS and harvest) machine transplanting recorded significantly higher SPAD readings over wet and dry direct seeding. SPAD readings of succeeding rabi crops were taken at 30, 60 DAS and harvest for each crop. The results demonstrated that dry direct seeded rice consistently exhibited significantly higher SPAD values compared to the other methods for all three crops in rabi. Conventional tillage also reported higher SPAD readings than zero tillage. The interaction effect between rice establishment methods and tillage practices was found to be significant for SPAD readings in chickpea, blackgram and mustard. Specifically, the combination of dry direct seeded rice with conventional tillage (M3S2) consistently reported the highest SPAD readings in both years for chickpea, blackgram and mustard indicating the significance of dry direct seeding method of rice establishment and conventional tillage practice on succeeding crops.

Keywords

Blackgram, Chickpea, Mustard, Rice establishment methods, SPAD readings and Tillage practices

Conclusion

The findings suggest that machine transplanting among three rice establishment methods, promotes better leaf chlorophyll content in rice plants, possibly due to enhanced nutrient availability from puddling and continuous submergence of soil. Conversely, dry direct seeded rice displayed lower SPAD values, potentially indicating reduced nutrient availability. These results emphasize the importance of puddled transplanting method of rice. The availability and uptake of nutrients in crops grown after kharif rice are influenced by soil conditions, especially puddling and submergence. While SPAD meter readings were higher in puddled transplanting of rice, subsequent crops did not show similar results. Rabi crops grown in dry direct seeded rice had significantly higher nitrogen content compared (SPAD reading) to puddled systems which is likely due to aerobic conditions prevailed in dry direct seeded rice from the beginning of system supporting soil bacteria and improved nutrient availability. Conventional tillage and legume crops, such as chickpea and blackgram also played a crucial role in enhancing nutrient access.

References

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How to cite this article

Sheri Vaishnav, V. Ramulu, B. Balaji Naik, Md. Latheef Pasha, T. Ram Prakash, P. Rajaiah and M. Yakadri (2023). Impact of different rice Establishment Methods and Conservation Tillage on Leaf Chlorophyll Status of Rice and Succeeding rabi Crops. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5a): 58-64.