Interactive effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus nutrition on Nitrogen use efficiency and crop productivity in wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L. & Triticum durum L.)

Author: Pramod Kumar Sharma, R. Elanchezhian, Raghavendra Narwaria, M. Vassanda Coumar, A.K. Biswas, Sati Shankar Singh and Dilip Panwar

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Abstract

A field study was conducted in Vertisols of subtropical area of Central India. The major goal of the experiment was to compare the grain yield and other characteristics of selected wheat genotypes grown under various nutrient doses to determine which genotype outperformed the others. In the current study, nine different genotypes of wheat (T. aestivum and T. durum L.) were chosen and cultivated as experimental crops. A split plot design, which was replicating three times, was used, with nutrient dose serving as the main plot and the other wheat varieties serving the sub-treatments. There are 36 plots in a block in each of the following treatments: T1 was control, T2 was 100% (N+P+K), T3 was 50% N+100% (P+K), and T4 was 50% P+100% N+K. The HI 8713 variety had the highest rate of total nitrogen uptake, and it also had the highest quantity of grain yield, demonstrating a direct correlation between nitrogen uptake and grain yield 7. HI 1563 showed the highest apparent recovery of N (95.96%) under low doses of N, followed by GW366 (88.13%). GW366 had the highest average Agronomic Efficiency (20.05%) across all fertilizer N doses. Variety Narmada 14 had the highest Physiological Efficiency (60.63%) under standard N circumstances, followed by HI 1531, or 59.13%.2. The variety HI 8713 of wheat exhibited significantly higher biomass, grain yield, nitrogen content in grain and straw, total nitrogen uptake, and agronomic use efficiency by N than any of the other evaluated wheat varieties. Agronomic use efficiency, perceived nutrient recovery, and physiological efficiency-all measures used to describe use efficiency-were extremely variable depending on genotypes and application rates for N and P.

Keywords

Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen, Nutrient recovery, Agronomic Efficiency, physiological efficiency

Conclusion

1. The variety HI8713 produced noticeably more plant biomass under normal, and control fertiliser dose conditions, achieving 9393.00 kg/ha and 8383.00 kg/ha. Under identical fertiliser doses, the same variety produced noticeably higher grain yields of 4,580.88 kg/ha. and 3,035.13kg/ha. respectively. 2. Under low dose of N, the variety HI 1563 had the highest apparent recovery of N (95.96 %), followed by GW366 (88.13%). Across all fertilizer N dosages, the highest average Agronomic Efficiency was found in GW366 (20.05%). Under normal N conditions, variety Narmada14 had the highest Physiological Efficiency (60.63 percent), followed by HI1531, i.e. 59.13 percent. 3. Among all the wheat varieties tested, the variety HI 8713 had considerably higher dry weight, leaf area, biomass, grain yield, chlorophyll content, SPAD value, nitrogen content in grain and straw, total nitrogen uptake, agronomic use efficiency by N, nitrogen harvesting index, photosynthetic rate, total phosphorus uptake, apparent phosphorus recovery and phosphorus harvesting index and lower days to 50% flowering. 4. Between sub optimal doses of N and P (T3 and T4) T3 produced higher biomass yield than T4 averaging all the selected nine varieties of wheat, whereas T4 had higher grain yield than T3. 5. Use efficiency terms namely agronomic use efficiency, apparent nutrient recovery and physiological efficiency calculate based on N application and P application were highly variable depending on rates of N & P application and genotypes and were not without bias. In general, agronomic use efficiency and physiological use efficiency calculate on P basis were much higher than those calculated on N basis.

References

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How to cite this article

Pramod Kumar Sharma, R. Elanchezhian, Raghavendra Narwaria, M. Vassanda Coumar, A.K. Biswas, Sati Shankar Singh and Dilip Panwar (2023). Interactive effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus nutrition on Nitrogen use efficiency and crop productivity in wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L. & Triticum durum L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5a): 135-143.