Aflatoxin Contamination of Major Groundnut Growing Districts of Odisha and Morphological Diversity of Aspergillus flavus isolates

Author: S. Pavan Kumar, A.K. Senapati, S.K. Beura, S.K. Panda, D.P. Samantray

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Abstract

The groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most significant edible crops in India, containing 46% oil and serving as a source of nutrition for humans and animals. Aflatoxin contamination is a severe issue that has a significant effect on the global groundnut industry and poses hazards to public health. The present investigation was carried out to know the occurrence of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut pod samples in Odisha. Study the Aspergillus flavus cultural variability. The survey conducted during rabi season 2017-18 from 40 blocks from 10 major groundnut growing districts of Odisha, there was a significant difference with respect to kernel aflatoxin content. Block-wise, kernel aflatoxin contamination was highest (1296 µg kg-1) in kernels collected from Boden (Naupada) (OGS-21), followed by OGS-1 sample from Balangir (1235 µg kg1) and OGS-32 sample from Sambalpur (1142 µg kg-1). A total of 15 A. flavus isolates have been isolated using the agar plate method from infected groundnut kernels. The Aspergillus flavus Isolates showed variation in their cultural and morphological characters. The colony colour of A. flavus isolates ranged from dark green to light green and the colony margins ranged from green to white and from smooth to irregular in appearance. Four isolates only produced sclerotia exhibiting different sclerotial patterns, including concentric, irregular, and peripheral. There was also variation in the number of sclerotia per plate and the size of the sclerotia.

Keywords

Aspergillus flavus, sclerotia, aflatoxin contamination

Conclusion

A high prevalence of kernel aflatoxin contamination was found in groundnut farmer seed samples. In state of Odisha, based on aflatoxin contamination by A. flavus, the blocks were Balangiri, Belpara, Saintatal, Nabrongpur, Chandabali, Kalimela, Khariar, Rairakho, Sambalpur categorized as high-risk zone (>100µg kg-1). A. flavus isolates showing diversity in morphological characteristics.

References

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How to cite this article

S. Pavan Kumar, A.K. Senapati, S.K. Beura, S.K. Panda, D.P. Samantray (2022). Aflatoxin Contamination of Major Groundnut Growing Districts of Odisha and Morphological Diversity of Aspergillus flavus isolates. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 14(4): 1360-1365.