Analysis of Gene Effects in Vegetable-Type Pigeon Pea under Foothill of Nagaland

Author: N. Moses, Malini Barthakur Sharma, J.P. Gupta, Kigwe Seyie and Pankaj Shah

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Abstract

The experiment on Analysis of gene effects in vegetable-type pigeon pea under foothill of Nagaland was conducted at the farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Medziphema Campus, Nagaland University. Twelve crosses were generated, using five parameter model (P1, P2, F1, F2 and F3) generation mean analysis was done to assess the gene effects and its interaction for yield component traits. Epistatic gene effects were also found important for almost all the characters in all the crosses. Two crosses namely, BRG-2 × BRG-1 and BRG-2 × BRG-3 recorded positive significant for all the components of gene effect ( [m], [d], [h], [i] and [l]) for seed yield also hybrid B2-10 × values BRG-1 and BRG-2 × BRG-1 were found significant for all the components of gene effect for seed yield and all the yield traits whereas, cross, B2-10 × BRG-3, BRG-2 × BRG-3, BRG-2 × B1-169 -1 and B3-13 × BRG-1 recorded significant values for yield and seven yield attributing traits. Similarly, in crosses, B2-10 × B1-169 -1, B2-5-2-1 × BRG-1, B2-5-2-1 × B1-169 -1, B3-13 × BRG-3 and B2-5-2-1 × BRG-3 were found significance for all component of gene effects for some yield traits. Dominance (h) and dominance x dominance interaction effect followed by additive (d) and additive x additive interaction appears to play a significant role for the expression of yield per plant and its attributes. Breeding of pigeonpea is more challenging as compared to other food legumes; this may be attributed to various crop specific traits, and high sensitivity to changes in environment. Therefore, there is a need to identify the parents and the crosses that can be exploited for breeding program suitable for the agro climatic conditions of Nagaland.

Keywords

Pigeon pea, additive gene action, dominance gene action, additive x additive, dominance x dominance

Conclusion

The relative contribution and magnitude of dominant gene effect (h) and dominance x dominance (l) effect was much higher than additive gene effect (d) and additive x additive gene effect (i), indicating the prevalence of dominant gene effects (h) and dominance x dominance gene effect (l) in case of epistasis for the inheritance of yield and attributing characters. In addition, the predominance of dominant gene effects, taking into account the main gene effects and their interactions, dominance gene effects and dominance x dominance gene effects appear to play a significant role in the expression of yield per plant and its characteristics, with a higher frequency of duplicate type of epistasis for most of the traits, including seed yield per plant. It's clear that the dominant gene effect is being controlled more closely by complex characters such as the yield of the seed and its attributing genes. Based on above findings, it may be suggested that in those crosses where additive and additive x additive gene effects were predominant, one should follow the pedigree or modified pedigree method of selection, whereas in those crosses where dominance and dominance x dominance gene effect were significant heterosis breeding would be effective. To exploit all types of gene effects, reciprocal recurrent selection could be the most effective breeding method The overall results revealed that parent BRG-1, BRG-2 and BRG-3 was proved to be good combiner for seed yield per plant and its contributing traits. Based on all the components of gene effect for seed yield per plant and its component traits the hybrid BRG-2 x BRG-1 and BRG-2 x BRG-3 was found most promising. Therefore, it needs to be exploited in future breeding programme of pigeon pea in Nagaland.

References

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How to cite this article

N. Moses, Malini Barthakur Sharma, J.P. Gupta, Kigwe Seyie and Pankaj Shah (2023). Analysis of Gene Effects in Vegetable-Type Pigeon Pea under Foothill of Nagaland. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(9): 607-613.