Nanoencapsulation of Nutrients in Fish Feed: Enhancing Bioavailability, Absorption, and Health Benefits for Farmed Fish

Author: V.K. Misra, Sheetanshu Gupta, C.P. Singh, Sashank Singh and Aup Kumar

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Abstract

Nanoencapsulation has emerged as a promising strategy for improving the delivery and efficacy of nutrients in fish feed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of nanoencapsulation on the bioavailability, absorption, and health benefits of nutrients in farmed fish. By encapsulating essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants within nanoparticles, researchers have sought to optimize nutrient utilization, enhance fish growth, boost immune response, reduce oxidative stress, and improve disease resistance. The studies reviewed herein demonstrate the tremendous potential of nanoencapsulation to address challenges associated with nutrient degradation, limited bioavailability, and inefficient absorption in conventional fish feed formulations. Furthermore, the review highlights the mechanisms underlying the improved bioactivity of nano-encapsulated nutrients, including protection against degradation, targeted delivery to specific tissues, and enhanced cellular uptake. However, considerations regarding nanoparticle toxicity, environmental impact, and regulatory guidelines warrant further investigation to ensure the safe and sustainable implementation of nanoencapsulation technology in aquaculture practices. Overall, the findings reviewed here indicate that nanoencapsulation holds great promise for advancing fish feed formulations, promoting the health and productivity of farmed fish, and contributing to the sustainable growth of the aquaculture industry.

Keywords

Nanoencapsulation, nutrients, fish feed, bioavailability, absorption, health benefits, farmed fish, growth, immune response, oxidative stress, disease resistance, aquaculture, sustainability

Conclusion

Nanoencapsulation technology holds significant promise for enhancing fish nutrition and improving aquaculture sustainability. Through the encapsulation of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and antioxidants, nanoencapsulation can improve nutrient stability, solubility, and absorption in fish. This technology offers several advantages, including controlled release of nutrients, protection against degradation, and targeted delivery mechanisms. By overcoming the limitations of conventional feed additives, nano-encapsulated nutrients can effectively enhance growth performance, feed efficiency, and immune response in farmed fish. The selection of appropriate nanoparticles and encapsulation materials is crucial for optimizing the effectiveness of nanoencapsulation in fish feed. Researchers are continuously exploring and developing new materials with improved encapsulation properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Additionally, advancements in scaling up nanoencapsulation techniques for commercial production are essential to meet the increasing demand for sustainable fish feed. It is important to address the safety considerations and potential environmental impacts associated with nanoencapsulation technology. The assessment of nanoparticle toxicity, evaluation of environmental implications, and adherence to regulatory guidelines are critical for ensuring the responsible implementation of nanoencapsulation in aquaculture systems. Furthermore, the consideration of sustainability aspects, such as the use of biodegradable materials and minimizing environmental contamination, can contribute to the long-term viability and acceptance of this technology.

References

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How to cite this article

V.K. Misra, Sheetanshu Gupta, C.P. Singh, Sashank Singh and Aup Kumar (2023). Nanoencapsulation of Nutrients in Fish Feed: Enhancing Bioavailability, Absorption, and Health Benefits for Farmed Fish. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(5a): 632-639.