Physio-chemical Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes to Complete Submergence during the Vegetative Stage under Coastal Agro-climatic Zone of Odisha

Author: Pragyani Dash, Prabhasmita Shatpathy, Sanat Kumar Dwibedi and Madhusmita Bal

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Abstract

Globally, submergence is regarded as one of the most dangerous abiotic stresses that affect the world’s rice (Oryza sativa L.) production system. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of complete submergence that happens at the vegetative growth stage on three rice genotypes. The rice genotypes cv. Swarna, cv. Swarna-Sub1 and cv. Binadhan-11, significantly showing different characteristics, were undertaken with four levels of complete submergence treatments (no submergence i.e. control, 4 and 8 days of submergence and re-aeration for a day after 8 days of submergence) in factorial completely randomized design and that were replicated thrice. Seedlings at 30 DAS were subjected to submergence in a poly-pit to study the performance of rice genotypes under varying levels of complete submergence stress. Among the three test-genotypes of rice, cv. Swarna-Sub1 showed the highest survival rate due to the least shoot elongation, highest tiller number and leaf area under 4 and 8 days of complete submergence in comparison to the control. It accumulated more non-enzymatic anti-oxidants like carotenoid, proline over controlled condition. Higher carbohydrate, chlorophyll, and protein content were associated with submergence tolerant genotypes in comparison to the susceptible one (cv. Swarna). The antioxidant system of the plant to scavenge the ROS was almost at par in all three genotypes before submergence but increased significantly in tolerant ones under complete submergence. Elevated enzymatic antioxidant levels manifested the ability of cv. Swarna-Sub1 to overcome the oxidative stress through up-regulation of SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activity under 8 days of complete submergence and subsequent re-aeration. The performance of cv. Swarna-Sub1 followed by cv. Binadhan-11 and cv. Swarna were in diminishing mode under all four submergence treatments.

Keywords

Complete submergence, Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Binadhan-11, Vegetative Stage, Osmoregulants, Anti-oxidants

Conclusion

In the present investigation, it was found that submergence has a very harmful effect on growth, development and productivity of rice. The results revealed that Swarna-Sub1 maintained greater quantities of chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein content under submerged condition. Leaf and internodal elongation are the processes that occur in all rice species during development of foliage but, maintenance of growth under water and tolerance to complete submergence are traits indispensable for survival. This is accompanied with higher activity of SOD, CAT, GPX which facilitated scavenging mechanism against production of ROS that might be responsible for the tolerance to complete submergence. These antioxidant enzymes level during submergence and subsequent re-aeration might help it to encounter the oxidative damage efficiently. Hence, on the basis of all the observations recorded during the course of investigation, it was concluded that performance of cv. Binadhan-11 is at par with Swarna-Sub1, an already known submergence tolerant cultivar; hence it is likely to be tolerant to complete submergence but for a limited duration.

References

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How to cite this article

Pragyani Dash, Prabhasmita Shatpathy, Sanat Kumar Dwibedi and Madhusmita Bal (2024). Physio-chemical Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes to Complete Submergence during the Vegetative Stage under Coastal Agro-climatic Zone of Odisha. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(1): 92-101.