Cultivation Practices Adopted in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) for Maximizing the Production

Author: Itishree Pradhan, Sushree Sangeeta, Prachurjya Samantaray, Sukirti Mohanty, Aradhana Nayak, Akanshya Pattanaik and Reshma Sahoo

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Abstract

The classic bulbous perennial gladiolus, or Gladiolus grandiflorus L., is native to South Africa and is a member of the Iridaceae family of flowers. It is a monocot plant with about 150 species currently recognized. Gladiolus can be cultivated in a broad variety of soil types, from light sandy to clay loam, and in a wide range of weather conditions. The natural proliferation of new corms and cormels is the usual method of propagation. Gladiolus flower output quality is influenced by planting depth and timing. For this crop, a 50:60:60 kg NPK fertilizer dose per acre combined with 10 MT FYM works well. Irrigation schedules can be made to prevent nutrients from seeping into deeper soil layers while also taking into account the rooting area. Using herbicides on crops, such as pre- and post-emergence treatments, allows for cost-effective weed management and boosts output. When it came to reducing the number of insect pests, neem seed kernel at 200 gm/L water plus Trichogramma evanescense at 0.5 gm/ 6 sq. m proved to be more effective than the other treatments. One of the main culprits of gladiolus yellowing and corm rot is the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli. Depending on the cultivars and season, gladiolus spikes can be harvested 60–100 days after planting. Additionally, it has been found that GA3 delays the proteolysis linked to senescence and wilting. By preserving protein and cellular integrity, cytokinin can also postpone petal senescence. By enhancing membrane integrity and postponing the peroxidation of membrane lipids, postharvest treatment of cut flowers with benzyl adenine (BA) prolongs the vase life of the flowers. Gladiolus spike and corm yields are influenced by cultivar, corm size, planting density, and management techniques. As a result, some 80,000 spikes would be produced per acre. Depending on the cultivar, planting depth, and other factors, the yield of cormel varies between 1.5 and 2.5 quintals per acre.

Keywords

Gladiolus, Corms, Spike, flower, fertilizer, Gibberellic acid, yield, post harvest handling, shelf life

Conclusion

This review paper summarises the scientific cultivation practise of Gladiolus to maximise the yield and quality of the flowers keeping in view about environment sustainability, as this occupies a promising position in the cut flower market both in national and inter-national market.

References

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How to cite this article

Itishree Pradhan, Sushree Sangeeta, Prachurjya Samantaray, Sukirti Mohanty, Aradhana Nayak, Akanshya Pattanaik and Reshma Sahoo (2024). Cultivation Practices Adopted in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) for Maximizing the Production. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(1): 197-204.