In-vitro and In-vivo Management of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. causing Stem Rot in Chrysanthemum

Author: Anjaneya Reddy B., Mohan Kumar K.S., Noorulla Haveri, Sreenatha A., Sudarshaan G.K., Seetharamu G.K. and Harish B.S.

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Abstract

Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Ramat), is one of the most beautiful and perhaps the oldest flowering plants commercially grown in different parts of the world. Sclerotium rolfsii, the soil-borne saprophytic fungus which causes different types of diseases like collar-rot, sclerotium wilt, stem-rot, charcoal rot, etc., in more than 500 plants species. Recently, S. rolfsii associated with stem rot disease on chrysanthemum has been observed in few farmer fields of Bengaluru Rural and Hassan districts in Karnataka. The disease incidence was up to 20-30 per cent in 2018-19. The effect of 12 different fungicides against the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii was studied under in-vitro conditions using poisoned food technique. Among the contact fungicides Captan 50%WP at 1000 ppm showed the highest inhibition per cent (80%) of mycelial growth. Among the systemic fungicides, Tebuconazole 25.9% EC showed 100% inhibition of mycelial growth at 100ppm itself. Among combi products Pyraclostrobin 133g/l +Epoxiconazole 50g/l SE, Carboxin 37.5%+Thiram 37.5% WP showed 100% inhibition of mycelial growth at 300ppm itself. Integrated disease management studies were conducted under polyhouse conditions, and among the fungicides, soil application of Tebuconazole (0.1%) suppress the growth of S. rolfsii with 0% mortality. Among the organic amendments, Neem cake (30g/plant) was effective on the suppression of S. rolfsii with PDI of 20.83%. Among the bioagents P. fluorescence (10g/plant) and T. harzianum (10g/plant) suppress the growth of S. rolfsii with PDI of 22.60% and 16.24 % respectively.

Keywords

Sclerotium rolfsii, Percent disease incidence, Trichoderma harzianum, In- vitro, In-vivo, Management

Conclusion

The Sclerotium rolfsii is a serious soil borne pathogen, affecting many crop plants including chrysanthemum. To manage this pathogen in chrysanthemum Tebuconazole 25.9 % EC @ 1ml/lt. of water is the best for soil drenching as a chemical means and utilization of Neem cake @30 g/kg of soil, followed by Trichoderma harzianum@10g/pl, Pseudomonas fluorescens@10g/pl and Arka microbial consortium @5 ml/pl as a organic means is the best as organic means.

References

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How to cite this article

Anjaneya Reddy B., Mohan Kumar K.S., Noorulla Haveri, Sreenatha A., Sudarshaan G.K., Seetharamu G.K. and Harish B.S. (2024). In-vitro and In-vivo Management of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. causing Stem Rot in Chrysanthemum. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(2): 51-56.