Effect of Different Essential Oils Against the Biology of Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) in Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.)

Author: Siranjib Sonowal, Prarthna Rajkumari, Nirmali Borah, Budha Bora, Pranjal Pratim Neog and Birinchi Kumar Borah

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Abstract

An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of neem oil, mint oil, garlic oil, ginger oil, eucalyptus oil and clove oil on the biology of Aphis craccivora Koch in green gram during 2023-23 in the Department of Entomology, Biswanath College of Agriculture. Treatment with essential oils reduced the total development period of A. craccivora compared to the control group, with neem and mint oils resulting in the shortest development periods. The nymphal duration was significantly shorter in the treatment groups, with clove oil exhibiting the shortest first nymphal duration. Neem, mint, and garlic oils also contributed to shorter nymphal periods. Additionally, reproductive performance was affected by the treatments, with mint oil resulting in the shortest reproductive period and neem oil leading to the lowest number of off spring produced by a single female. The total number of off spring was significantly lower in the treatment groups, with the control group having the highest number.

Keywords

Aphis craccivora, treatment, essential oil, nymphal, reproductive

Conclusion

The research findings presented in this study highlight the significant impact of essential oils on the developmental and reproductive parameters of Aphis craccivora. The results revealed that the application of various essential oils had distinct effects on the aphid's life cycle and reproductive capabilities, offering valuable insights for pest management strategies. Notably, neem oil emerged as the most effective essential oil, significantly reducing the development period of A. craccivora to just 15.66 days. Mint oil also exhibited a noteworthy influence, with a development period of 16.00 days and the shortest reproductive period of 1.50 days. The active ingredients in mint oil, menthone, and cineol, were identified as key contributors to this effect, as they are known to impact aphid reproductive capabilities. Additionally, the study revealed that neem and clove oils resulted in the lowest number of offspring produced by a single female, at 3.00 nos./day, indicating their potential as effective tools for suppressing aphid populations. Furthermore, no experiments have been conducted to evaluate the impacts of essential oils on the demographic parameters of aphidsona large scale. Few studies on the insecticidal activity of essential oil have been reported against aphids.

References

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How to cite this article

Siranjib Sonowal, Prarthna Rajkumari, Nirmali Borah, Budha Bora, Pranjal Pratim Neog and Birinchi Kumar Borah (2024). Effect of Different Essential Oils Against the Biology of Aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) in Green Gram (Vigna radiata L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(2): 155-159.