Traditional Farming Systems and Socio-economic Dynamics in the Kangra Valley of Northwestern Himalayas, India

Author: Meenakshi, Puneet Kaur, Pawan Pathania, Ashish Kumar and Baljinder Singh

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Abstract

This research provides a comprehensive analysis of agricultural dynamics in Kangra district, Himachal Pradesh, shedding light on various socio-economic factors influencing farming practices. Employing a multi-stage random sampling technique, the study ensures comprehensive representation across various strata, drawing a total sample size of 120 farmers from different landholding categories. With a focus on demographics, land use patterns, educational profiles, and occupational structures, the study unveils the intricate relationship between these variables and agricultural outcomes. The majority of farmers in Kangra are categorized as marginal, exhibiting a diverse cropping pattern dominated by crops like paddy and wheat. The predominant farming system among marginal farmers comprises crops, livestock, and vegetables (65.83%), followed by crops and livestock (28.33%). A small percentage of households (0.83%) also engage in farming systems involving crops, livestock, and beekeeping, as well as vegetables and livestock. Income analysis highlights the disparity between farm sizes, with large farmers garnering the highest agricultural income. Additionally, the study identifies seven key constraints faced by farmers, including price uncertainty, input availability, and infrastructural limitations, echoing similar findings from previous research. Overall, this research underscores the importance of understanding local contexts and challenges to inform targeted interventions aimed at enhancing agricultural sustainability and rural livelihoods

Keywords

Farming systems, sustainability, land use patterns, cropping pattern, socio-economic

Conclusion

The agricultural landscape in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh is characterized by a predominantly rural population, with significant gender sensitivity indicated by the sex ratio. Despite challenges like limited cultivable land and irregular water supply, farmers exhibit high cropping intensity, reflecting their resilience and adaptability. Farming practices, such as integrated systems and enterprise diversification, are prevalent, particularly among marginal and small farmers. However, constraints such as price uncertainty and inadequate infrastructure persist, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to enhance agricultural sustainability and farmer livelihoods in the region. Therefore, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the socioeconomic status of farmers and the current farming practices in the area under investigation. This knowledge will assist researchers in identifying areas for improvement and devising technologies to aid local farmers in meeting their basic needs and addressing existing constraints

References

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How to cite this article

Meenakshi, Puneet Kaur, Pawan Pathania, Ashish Kumar and Baljinder Singh (2024). Traditional Farming Systems and Socio-economic Dynamics in the Kangra Valley of Northwestern Himalayas, India. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(5): 163-169.