A Review on Application of Mechanism Promoting Self and Cross Pollination in Crop Plants

Author: Mudhalvan S., Lilly Joyce D., Brunda J., Ajmal H., Nagaraj P. and Sindhu S.

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Abstract

Pollination, the transfer of pollen grains from the male reproductive organs to the female reproductive organs of plants, plays a pivotal role in sexual reproduction and the propagation of plant species. This article explores the intricate mechanisms underlying both self and cross-pollination strategies employed by plants to ensure successful reproduction and genetic diversity within populations. Self-pollination, the transfer of pollen within the same flower or between flowers of the same plant, offers advantages such as reproductive assurance but can lead to inbreeding depression and reduced genetic diversity. Plants have evolved mechanisms such as self-incompatibility systems to prevent self-fertilization, promoting outcrossing and genetic variability. These systems involve complex genetic interactions at the molecular level, including recognition and rejection of self-pollen to ensure successful reproduction. On the other hand, cross-pollination involves the transfer of pollen between flowers of different plants, facilitating genetic recombination and increasing genetic diversity within populations. Various mechanisms promote cross-pollination, including adaptations in flower morphology, nectar production, and floral scent to attract pollinators such as insects, birds, and mammals. Understanding the mechanisms promoting both self and cross-pollination is essential for conservation efforts, crop breeding programs, and ecosystem stability. This article provides insights into the diverse strategies employed by plants to achieve successful reproduction and maintain genetic diversity in natural and agricultural settings

Keywords

Self-pollination, cross pollination, reproduction, mechanism and crops plants

Conclusion

In conclusion, self-pollination in plants is a fascinating and complex phenomenon shaped by ecological, genetic, and evolutionary factors. This article has explored the ecological advantages, genetic mechanisms, and evolutionary implications of self-pollination, drawing on the works of prominent researchers in the field. The studies of Darwin, Baker, Barrett, and others have paved the way for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms promoting self-pollination, offering valuable insights into the adaptive strategies of plants in diverse environments. And cross-pollination emerges as a pivotal mechanism in the grand symphony of plant reproduction, orchestrating genetic diversity, reducing inbreeding depression, and fostering adaptability. This article has provided a comprehensive exploration of the ecological, genetic, and evolutionary factors promoting cross-pollination, drawing on the insights of notable researchers such as Stebbins, Grant, and Lloyd. As we continue to unravel the mysteries of plant reproduction, the intricate dance between plants and their pollinators stands as a testament to the dynamic and ever-evolving relationships that shape the biodiversity of our planet

References

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How to cite this article

Mudhalvan S., Lilly Joyce D., Brunda J., Ajmal H., Nagaraj P. and Sindhu S. (2024). A Review on Application of Mechanism Promoting Self and Cross Pollination in Crop Plants. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(7): 22-25.