Green Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Betel Leaf Extract and Oxalis stricta Leaf Extract and their Characterization

Author: B. Lavanya, Y. Aparna and M.V. Ramana

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Abstract

In the present study, nickel oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using Betel leaf extract and Oxalis stricta leaves. The betel leaf acts as a strong reducing agent and is rich in vitamin C, riboflavin, and a great source of calcium. Oxalis stricta leaves are also rich in vitamin C. Nickel oxide nanoparticles are used for medical applications, including biomedical detection and antibiotics. The synthesized NiO nanoparticles from both plant extracts were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence (PL), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. From the results of XRD, the size of the synthesized NiO nanoparticles is calculated using Debye-Scherer formulas and is approximately 12–16 nm in both plant extracts. The FE-SEM confirms that the synthesized NiO nanoparticles are spherical. The FTIR results confirm the formation of NiO nanoparticles with the presence of a Ni-O band in the range of 400 cm1 to 600 cm

Keywords

Green Synthesis, Betel Leaf, Oxalis Stricta, NiO nanoparticles

Conclusion

In the present work, the NiO nanoparticles were synthesized by the green method (novel, non-toxic, and cheap) using Betel leaf (BL) extract and Oxalis stricta leaf (OSL) extract. The average crystallite size from XRD and crystallite size from the W-H plot for BL extract is 13.22 nm and 14.2 nm, and for OSL extract, it is 11.91 nm and 11.58 nm. From this, it is observed that the crystallite size is almost equal. The XRD shows that the synthesized NiO nanoparticles possess a face-centered cubic structure. From the results of FESEM, the synthesized nanoparticles are spherical, and the particle size estimated from FESEM is about 11 nm to 36 nm for both plant extracts. From EDAX, it is confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticle has only Ni and O elements, and the non-existence of carbon is shown in EDAX. The functional groups of NiO were confirmed by FTIR, which exists between 400 cm1 and 600 cm1 for BL and OSL extracts. From UV-Vis, it is confirmed that the synthesized NiO nanoparticles are direct band semiconductors, and the band gap is calculated, which is obtained as 3.54 eV and 3.55 eV for BL and OSL extracts. From photoluminescence, the green absorption band is observed at 537 nm (2.30 eV). The other emission peaks show the structural defects formed in synthesized NiO nanoparticles for BL and OSL extracts

References

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How to cite this article

B. Lavanya, Y. Aparna and M.V. Ramana (2024). Green Synthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles using Betel Leaf Extract and Oxalis stricta Leaf Extract and their Characterization. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(7): 36-43.