Mean Performance and Hybrid Vigour in Mulberry for different Growth and Yield Traits (Morus spp.)

Author: Lohithashwa K.M., Chikkalingaiah, Sapna J.S. and Sushmitha C.

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Abstract

To develop a good variety/hybrid through breeding, evaluation of existing genetic variability by crossing with the specific genotypes is required. By understanding the GCA and SCA in the earlier studies, the valuation of existing hybrids of mulberry by application of biometrical methods viz., heterosis is essential to compare performance of new hybrids with the commercial and conventional varieties. So also, production of new strains by hybridization. Heterosis analysis revealed that, among hybrids, for mid parent and better parent heterosis most of the selected hybrids recorded significantly positive heterosis for growth and yield characters, indicating hybrid vigour in clones over the parents. Hybrid ME-03 × MI-66 recorded maximum and positive standard heterosis for number of leaves (41.5 and 16.95 %), fresh weight of leaves (130g/30 leaves and 8.15 %), moisture content (74.6 % and 6.42 %), leaf shoot ratio (1.23 and 3.61 %) and specific leaf area (322.93 cm2/g and 27.12 %). Whereas, hybrid ME-65 × V1 recorded no significant difference over mid, better parent and standard heterosis for leaf yield (g), single leaf area (cm2), moisture content (%) number of leaves per branch, number of branches per plant and other traits and equally performing as compared to the check variety V1

Keywords

Heterosis, Mulberry, Hybrids, Silkworm

Conclusion

The evaluation of hybrids for growth and yield traits reveals notable hybrid vigour among the tested clones. Hybrid ME-03 × MI-66 exhibited superior performance for several traits, including the number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, moisture content, leaf shoot ratio, and specific leaf area, outperforming the mid-parent, better parent, and standard check V1. While negative heterosis for internodal distance was prevalent, indicating a reduction in internodal length, hybrid ME-65 × V1 stood out for its consistent performance across various traits. It showed no significant difference in leaf yield, single leaf area, moisture content, number of leaves per branch, number of branches per plant, and other economic traits when compared to mid, better parent, and standard heterosis performing on par with the standard check V1. In conclusion, the present study analyzed the genetic variation and superior growth and yield characteristics, while ME-65 × V1 shows comparable performance to traditional hybrids. Both hybrids hold promise for enhancing mulberry breeding programs due to their improved economic and yield-related traits. Based on performance of progenies under irrigated condition over season, two hybrids were identified as high yielding over variety V1 which need to be evaluated further following systematic evaluation procedures of mulberry for identify high yielding variety in Mulberry

References

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How to cite this article

Lohithashwa K.M., Chikkalingaiah, Sapna J.S. and Sushmitha C. (2024). Mean Performance and Hybrid Vigour in Mulberry for different Growth and Yield Traits (Morus spp.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(8): 215-224