Principal Component Analysis for Yield in Black Gram Genotypes (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) under Rice Fallow Pulse Cropping System

Author: K. Madhu Kumar, P.V. Satyanarayana, P. Udaya Babu, G. Sreenivas and Duppala Manojkumar

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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the yield component traits in advanced black gram lines using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify effective selection criteria for grain yield improvement and to highlight superior genotypes based on key principal components. PCA was applied to eleven quantitative traits, and among the eleven principal components (PCs), only four had eigenvalues greater than 1.00, revealing the essential features of the dataset. These four principal components explained 89.23% of the total variability. PC1, which accounted for the highest variability, was mainly associated with vegetative traits like days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, and yield-related attributes such as grains per pod and test weight. PC2 was influenced by traits such as pod length and the number of branches per plant. LBG 787, located at the negative end of PC1, was identified as a short-duration genotype, while LBG 1002 and TBG 138 were recognized as long-duration genotypes. TBG 138 was found to be superior across all traits, particularly those captured by the first two principal components, which together explained 64.75% of the variability

Keywords

Black gram, Eigenvalues, Factor-loading, Principal component analysis, Yield

Conclusion

The traits identified as key contributors to divergence include days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of grains per pod, test weight, pod length, and number of branches per plant. Among these, the number of grains per pod emerged as the primary selection trait based on principal component analysis. LBG 787, positioned at the negative end of PC1, was identified as a short-duration genotype, while LBG 1002 and TBG 138 were categorized as long-duration genotypes. TBG 138 stood out as superior across all traits, as reflected in the first two principal components, which together accounted for 64.75% of the variability

References

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How to cite this article

K. Madhu Kumar, P.V. Satyanarayana, P. Udaya Babu, G. Sreenivas and Duppala Manojkumar (2023). Principal Component Analysis for Yield in Black Gram Genotypes (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) under Rice Fallow Pulse Cropping System. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(3): 930-934