Effect of Planting Date and Cultivar on Grain Yield and Disease Incidence of Fusarium Head Blight in Moghan Region

Author: Kamal Shahbazi*, Hassan Khanzadeh*, Hossein Karbalaei-khiavi** and Hossein Zeinalzadeh-tabrizi*

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Abstract

Fusarium head blight is an important disease of wheat in the world leading to grains quality and their infection with mycotoxin in addition to yield loss. This study was conducted to determine the best planting date to avoid infection with fungus. Accordingly, five wheat cultivars (Tajan, Falat (control), Moghan 3, N-80-19 and Darya) in combination with four planting dates including 27 October, 11 November, 26 November and 11 December were examined in Moghan Agricultural and Natural Research Station for three consecutive years (2012-2014). The experiment was performed in form of split plots based on Random Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The main plots (factors) were planting dates and the subplots were wheat cultivars. Field observations of the disease were noted during the period of growth and the effect of disease incidence on grain yield was calculated in all treatments at the end of the season. Based on the results, the highest grain yield was observed in plant

Keywords

Fusarium head blight, Grain yield, Planting date, Wheat.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that in early planting dates, the incidence of Fusarium head blight is increased and the yield is decreased and in fact in addition to increasing the costs of chemical control, the farmer income is also reduced. However, in late planting date, despite the low level of disease, the product yield is also reduced. According to this study, the cultivar had also significant impact on FHB incidence. The study of the disease incidence indicated a significant reduction of the disease from 27 October to 11 December. In planting date of 11 November, the line N-80-19 was the best treatment in terms of yield and infection to Fusarium head blight. In general, in order to obtain high yield and acceptable disease incidence, cultivation of cultivars resistant to the disease in appropriate planting date range is recommended; particularly in the range of 11 November in Moghan region for relative escape from Fusarium head blight.

References

Fusarium head blight which is mainly created by the fungus Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is one of the important diseases of wheat in the world (Gale, 2003; Brennan et al., 2005; Toth et al., 2008). This disease has been spread in Iran for many years and is considered as one of important wheat diseases in provinces of Mazandaran, Golestan, Zanjan, Fars and Ardabil (Moghan) (Bernusi et al., 2002). Fusarium head blight has been reported in different countries such as Russia, Sweden, France, Italy, Germany, Australia, Brazil, Norway, Japan and Canada (Parry et al., 1995). Fusarium head blight reduces the grain weight in two ways. In infected grains, the florets are pink, white or light gray, grains are shriveled with low or without endosperm. The test weight is significantly low in these grains. In susceptible genotypes, up to 80% of florets can show such symptoms leading to apparent decline in grains weight (Bai and Shaner, 1994; Jones and Mirocha, 1999). The second effect of FHB occur

How to cite this article

Kamal Shahbazi, Hassan Khanzadeh, Hossein Karbalaei-khiavi and Hossein Zeinalzadeh-tabrizi (2017). Effect of Planting Date and Cultivar on Grain Yield and Disease Incidence of Fusarium Head Blight in Moghan Region , Biological Forum – An International J