Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major food crops, feeding more than half of the world's population. It needs to enhance the rice production by 35% to meet the food demand of growing population. Grain yield in rice can be induced by utilizing the genetically diverse lines/parent having higher yield potential, resistant against different biotic and abiotic stresses in the crossing programme. The study was conducted in Kharif 2016 and Rabi 2016-17 at the Research and Instructional Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya (IGKV), Raipur, Chhattisgarh and Kharif 2017 at Research Farm of National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, Odisha (India) to identify the genetic diverse lines. 10 rice parental genotypes, Chandrahasini, Samleshwari, Durgeshwari, IC-134022, IC-388728, IC-389860, IC-390376, IC-548384, Indira Barani Dhan1, IRHTN-105 and seven F3-F4 populations were taken for the study of genetic diversity e.g., spikelet fertility, test weight, Grain shape, L/B ratio and grain yield per plant in rice. It was reported that out of 306 genotypes, 5 genotypes having more than 92% spikelet fertility. 9 genotypes having 35.0g test weight, 9 genotypes having 37.18g/plant grain yield. 24 genotypes were having grain length 10.72 mm whereas 28 genotypes having grain length/breadth ratio (2.59). Hence, based on the results obtained in the present study the maximizing genetic gain in breeding population can be inferred to be playing important role in further enhancement in farm productivity of rice.

Genetic Diversity, Genotype, Grain Shape, Test weight, Spikelet fertility, L/B ratio

In breeding population (306 genotypes), vast genetic diversity for all the studied traits was reported. Several derivatives were reported to have more than 90% spikelets fertility amongst genotypes (IC-548384 × Chandrahasini) 4, (IC-548384 × Chandrahasini) 9, (IC-548384 × Chandrahasini) 33, (IC390376 × Chandrahasini) 25, (IC-390376 × Samleshwari) 35 and Samleshwari were found with more than 92% fertility percentage. Test-weight is major predictor of milling yield in rice recorded vast genetic diversity amongst breeding lines, genotype (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1705, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1706, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1707, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1708, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1709, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1710, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1711, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1714 and (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1715 were recorded 35.0g test weight. Amongst breeding lines, 9 were found to have maximized genetic gain able to produce 37.18g/plant yield. Breeding population also have great genetic diversity for grain size, 24 genotypes (IC-548384 × Chandrahasini) 5, (IC-390376 × Chandrahasini) 1, (IC390376 × Chandrahasini) 4, (IC-390376 × Chandrahasini) 14, (IC-390376 × Chandrahasini) 22, (IC-390376 × Chandrahasini) 41, (IC-390376 × Chandrahasini) 42, (IC-390376 × Samleshwari) 12, (IC-390376 × Samleshwari) 13, (IC-390376 × Samleshwari) 16, (IC-390376 × Samleshwari) 38, (IC-134022 × Durgeshwari) 3, (IC134022 × Durgeshwari) 10, (IC-134022 × Durgeshwari) 8, (IC-134022 × Durgeshwari) 19, (IC-388728 × Chandrahasini) 12, (IC-388728 × Chandrahasini) 18, (IC-388728 × Chandrahasini) 19, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1706, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1707, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1708, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1709, (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1710 and (Indira Barani Dhan 1 × IRHTN-105) 1714 has recorded grain length of 10.72 mm whereas, however, breeding lines reported to have 28 genotypes had grain length/breadth ratio (2.59) more accepted in the country.

Biswajit Sahoo, Sandeep Bhandarkar and Ramlakhan Verma (2023). Study of genetic variance in Yield contributing traits of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(8): 281-292.