Parasitic diseases pose a substantial health risk and contribute to wide spread morbidity and mortality across the globe particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. To overcome this major cause of morbidity, parasitic illnesses need to be controlled by implementing a multidisciplinary approach including chemotherapy, biological control, host genetic resistance, and parasitic vaccinations. Developing parasitic vaccines a very crucial topic of research. Parasites not only affect humans but also effect the cattle production. Malaria Vaccine RTS S/AS01E (MOSQUIRIX) is the first anti parasitic vaccine for humans. Trypanosomiasis which causes slipping sickness can be controlled by anti- Trypanosomiasis immunization theoretically, but due to its genetic variation its very much difficult. In case of Helminthic infection such as Taeniasis, various antigens are cloned from T. solium oncospheres that are used as S3P vaccine. For hookworm’s vaccines like Na-ASP- 2 and Ac-APR-1 are still under trials. In Schistosomiasis, Sm23 a DNA vaccine is used to reduce liver egg number. There are two DNA vaccines for lymphatic filariasis made up of BmHSP or BmALT. There is no vaccine available for Fasciola hepatica but the purified cathepsin L proteinase is used as formulation. After many years of work, it is concluded that native recombinant proteins bring about some protection against the target parasite but only few gives degree of effectiveness. Adjuvants of different kind are used to increase efficiency of these vaccines. A lot of challenges remain for the development of vaccine that is safe without any side effect, and offer a lifelong immunity. Parasites' antigenic complexity, various life cycle stages, immune evasion techniques and the utilization of intermediate and reservoir hosts pose challenges in the development of a effective parasitic vaccine. On a biological point of view genetic variation in parasites is the major hindrance in the vaccine development. These researches aren’t cheap and unfortunately poor underdeveloped countries with Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) are most effected by the parasites. Present paper reviews the developments made in vaccines against human parasites

Parasitic Vaccines, Helminths, Antigen variability, Animal models, Global parasitic impact, multivalent vaccines.

Parasitic infections continue to be a global burden and cause of significant morbidity and mortality across the globe especially in tropics and sub-tropical countries. Developing a potent vaccine against parasitic diseases still remains one of the most challenging yet crucial goals in human health. Despite great understanding in parasite biology and immunology several obstacles impede the progress of developing a parasitic vaccine. Complex life cycle along with sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms by the parasites and identification of protective antigens pose a challenge in vaccine development. Recent technological advances and innovations, new adjuvants and new advanced delivery systems are paving way for more effective vaccines. A comprehensive approach involving vaccination with improved sanitation, health education and vector control is crucial for the effective control and eradication of parasitic diseases. Continued commitment, innovation, and collaboration for global health is the key to overcome the obstacles and in realising the promise of a parasitic vaccine

Gaurav Kapoor and Aman Bhatia (2024). Targeting Parasites: Progress and Prospects in Parasitic Vaccine Development. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 16(6): 29-40.