INTRODUCTION Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important staple food crop that is also known as the "King of Cereals" or "Staff of Life." Wheat originated in Turkey, in South Western Asia. The genus Triticum belongs to the Poaceae or Gramineae family, and it is a major agronomic crop. Flour, pasta, pastry, semolina, crumpets, flake, chapati, biscuits, and a range of other foods are made from wheat. It is the most essential staple food on the planet, accounting for around 35% of all food eaten by the global population (Mohammadi Joo et al., 2015). It is the world's top cereal in terms of area and production, & it’s provides the sufficient amount of caloric and protein in the diet of humans than any other cereal. Wheat has a protein content of 12-13 percent. Gluten makes up 75-85% of the protein in wheat, which is important to backers. The fat content of wheat is 1.5 percent (Book Essentials of Agriculture, 1st Edition, 2018). Natural resources values are steadily growing as a result of current technical advancements & worldwide population growth. As a result, there will come a day when those nations possessing abandoned agricultural goods, as well as optimal usage of these resources, will be the richest countries in this world (Saleem et. al., 2021). The world produces wheat in at least 43 countries. India, Indonesia, China, Thailand, and the United States of America are the primary top wheat-growing nations, producing 647 million tons of wheat on 218 million hectare and a output of 2960 kilograms per hectare (FAO, 2012). With a total output of 93.50 million tonnes, India has the greatest wheat-growing acreage (30.23 mha), followed by China. In India, the average wheat yield per hectare is just 3.3 tonnes per hectare. Around 12% of the world's wheat is produced in India (Book Essentials of Agriculture, 1st Edition, 2018). The primary wheat-growing states in India are UP, PB, MP, HR, RJ, BR, GJ, MH, UK, and HP. Despite having the largest wheat acreage and production, Punjab has the highest average yield per hectare (5090 kg/ha), followed by Haryana (4412 kg/ha), with India's entire wheat output of 99.70 million tonnes on 29.58 million hectares yielding 3371 kg/ha. (Agristatglance, 2018). The data on Wheat: Area, Production, and Yield in Major Producing States in 2016-17 and 2017-18, as well as coverage under irrigation is shown in Table 1. India's wheat consumption is predicted to rise to 105 million to 109 million tonnes by 2020, up from 72 million tonnes currently produced (Jince). Joy, Mary et al., 2018). Triticum aestivum (common bread wheat, 2n=42), Triticum durum (macaroni or durum wheat, 2n=28), and Triticum dicoccum (emmer wheat, 2n=28) are the only economically significant wheat species in India. Wheat is planted at the beginning of the Rabi cycle and harvested at the start of the Kharif cycle. Climate changes may affect the timing of planting, growth, and harvesting. Based on agro - climatic conditions, India is classified into 6 (six) wheat-cultivating regions or zones. Southern Hill Zone, Peninsular Zone, North-Western Plains Zone, Central Zone, Northern Hill Zone, and North-Eastern Plains Zone are the different types of zones. The North-Western Plains Zone produces the most wheat, accounting for around 45 percent of total wheat acreage in India (Vimlesh, 2010). The data regarding to Wheat agro-climatic zone in India is as shown in Table 2. Because each agro-climatic zone has different growing seasons, the vegetative and reproductive phases change, resulting in differences in potential yield. Wheat consumption is predicted to climb in the next decades, especially in emerging nations to feed a growing population, and wheat will continue to account for a large amount of human energy needs in 2050 as a preferred diet (EIAR). INM (Integrated Nutrient Management: The use of a mix of natural organic manures, inorganic synthetic fertilizers, and chemicals helps to maintain the environment while enhancing soil output (Nambiar and Abrol, 1992). Individual or combination chemical fertilizer use, as well as optimum and reasonable organic fertilizer use, provide and solve the issue of growing chemical fertilizer costs and loss of soil productivity and fertility. Proper management, a wider range of yields, the right planting time, water (irrigation), and fertilizer control may all assist to boost production and productivity. Crop productivity and nutritional security can only be raised vertically by increasing and enhancing the use of both organic and inorganic sources (Kale and Bano, 1986; Srivastava, 1994). Fertilizers are a crucial component of improvement of crop’s yields and productivity of the soil. When it comes to enhancing crop yields, using the right quantity of fertilizer is crucial (Manpreet, 2018). Implementing an advanced agricultural plan will fulfill the needs of a rising population, but it will need a lot of energy, which will raise input prices and pose environmental dangers. The rising usage of inorganic sources to boost productivity has long been recognized. Uncontrolled fertilizer usage, on the other hand, may have negative consequences for soil health, ecology, and other natural resources; also, the expensive cost of manure prevents its widespread application. In INM, organic fertilizers are utilized to help address soil nutritional deficiencies. Adding organic nutrients to soil improves its physical, chemical, and biological characteristics while also providing a conducive environment for seed germination. Chemical fertilizers are expensive and depend on nonrenewable resources that are limited. Combining the use of inorganic fertilizers with indigenous sources such as farmyard manure should be encouraged in order to improve Physicochemical & psychological elements from the soils fertility & productivity (Ezekiel, 2010). With all crops, soil contains free-living microorganisms capable of nitrogen fixation. The positive impact of Azotobacter on plants is responsible for the formation of complex chemicals such as vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin H or B7 (biotin), and vitamin B1 (thiamine), Gibberellins, indole acetic acid, and other growth-promoting hormones increase seed germination and create optimal environmental conditions for plant development. Many bacteria occur in soil that increase the amount of phosphorus [PO4(3-)] available to plants by mineralizing inorganic P2O5 (phosphorus) and converting it to organic forms that are readily accessible to plants (Manpreet, 2018). Nitrogen is an important component of agricultural production. It is involved in the metabolism of nucleotides, enzymes, vitamins, and hormones. The absorption of potassium, phosphorus, and other minerals is aided by nitrogen. Phosphorus is required for seedling establishment as well as early development and growth. Sulphur encourages root growth, seed formation, and chlorophyll production in plants (Manpreet, 2018). An illustration of INM resources and their impact on productivity of soil is shown in Fig. 1.The Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management On Uptake of nutrients: The uptake of nutrients is greater when PSB and vermicompost are coupled with fertilizers than when fertilizers or vermicompost are applied alone (Datt et al., 2003). When 75 percent RDF+ Vermicompost @ 1tn/ha + PSB was applied, NPK absorption was highest (Datt et al., 2003). The Bulk density (BD) (0 to 15 cm) ranged between 1.29 - 1.38 Mg m-3 according to the combined results from multiple treatments of combinations (Jyoti Bangre et al., 2021). The crop's Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), and Potasium (K) absorption was substantially greater when worm-manure (VC) and P-solubilizing biofertilizer (PSB) were coupled to the fertilizer dose than when fertilizers were used alone or when vermicompost was used alone. The crop absorbed the most NPK with 75 percent NPK + vermi-compost @ 1t ha-1 + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and 100 percent NPK + vermi-compost @ 1ton/ha + Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Increased food supply and a An extensive root system resulted In improved Nutrients absorption and water uptake, resulting in improved nutritional uptake (Devi et al., 2011). The solubilization of native micro-macronutrients and other intermediate organic compounds created by the breakdown of biological waste, as well as their mobilization and accumulation in various areas of plant crops, may be linked to the high nutrient absorption rate of organic manures (Mitra et al., 2010). When S+B+FYM and 75 percent NPK are applied together, the higher absorption might be ascribed to the additional natural nutrient release out of the ground & transportation through the plants bodies. Similarly, across both years, utilizing S (sulphur), B (boron) or Farm yard manure (FYM) with 100 percent RDF (150:60:60 kg/ha NPK) improved overall nutrient absorption (Reena et al., 2017). The solubilization of organic acids in farmyard manure assists in the release of P2O5 (phosphorus), bacterial growth stimulation, and plant root system development, all of which lead to greater phosphorus absorption by plants. When used in combination with inorganic phosphorus, FYM and PSB assist to improve phosphorus availability in the soil for crop planting. The available phosphorus increases by giving phosphorus via manure rather than eliminating the plant (Singh et al., 2008). This could be due to yield characteristics, as wheat yield increased when S, B, and FYM were used alone with 150:60:60 kg/ha NPK and combined with 75 percent RDF, and grain and straw nutrient content increased when S, B, and FYM were used with chemical fertilizers or alone conjugation of75 percent NPK. Nutrients absorption is influenced by nutrient concentration and production. The results of Natan and Anurag support this view (2011). Organic acids produced by the decomposition of organic manure liberate potassium from potassium-bearing minerals, resulting in increased potassium availability (Swarkar et al., 2013). The addition of zinc to organic resources may improve nutrient consumption efficiency (Meena et al., 2006). Wheat's sulphur absorption decreased when fertilizer supply levels varied. The availability of sulphur declined even more when the nutrient supply rate was reduced to 50% and the seed was infected with azotobacter and/or PSB (Sharma et al., 2013). Data on the impact of INM on nutrient absorption in a nutshell is display in Table 3. Integrated Nutrient Management's Impact on Growth Parameters: Reproductive traits are influenced by both inorganic and natural biological resources (Joy et al., 2018). 90 days after showing, wheat treated with nitrogen-120, phosphorous-60, potassium-40, farmyard manure-10, and zinc 25 kg/ha generated the largest plant height (86.43cm) and the most tillers per plant (7.33) (Sangam et al., 2017). The application of 100 percent NPK and FYM changed the 10 ton/ha growth parameter considerably (Arvind et al., 2006; Singh et al., 2008). Increased photosynthate synthesis and nutrient availability result in better yield and biomass production, as indicated by more effective tillers per plant and higher output per plant (Kaur et al., 2018; Khan and Singh, 2011; Kanchroo and Razdan, 2006; Singh et al., 2018; Ahmad et al., 2007). Plant height is maximized 30 days after planting by administering 100% of the needed fertilizer dosage, and at harvest stage by adding 75% NPK, vermicompost @ 2.5ton/hector, and azotobacter (Kaur et al., 2018). Nitrogen may lead to more productive tillers and a grain weight of 1000 grains, resulting in increased output (Singh et al., 2011). Applying ten tons of FYM per hectare with crop residues, the proper fertilizer dosage, and 80 percent of mineral fertilizer dose considerably boosted grain yield, grain per year, and thousand-grain weight (Kler et al., 2007). More than FYM alone, the combination of FYM with rice residue enhanced wheat development and yield parameters (Davari et al., 2012). In addition to nutrients, organic manures include a microbial population and growth-promoting chemicals that aid in the increase of enzymatic activities and crop expansion or growth. Biofertilizers are tiny organisms that help plants grow. The Influence of INM on Yield and Yield Attributing Characteristics: Nitrogen is the most important essential component for crop development and output enhancement. The data show that mixing organic matter with chemical fertilizers increases crop biomass and grain yields (Khan et al., 2007). When VC and P-solubilizing biofertilizer were administered combined, DMA, no. of effective tillers, grains spike-1, and Test wt. increased. Vermicompost with or without Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) biofertilizer, in conjunction with various dosages of fertilizers, yielded considerably better grain and biological yields than fertilizer treatment alone. The maximum grain yield and biological yield (4.89 ton/ha) were obtained with 100 percent NPK + vc @ 1ton/ha + Biofertilizer and 75 percent NPK + vc @ 1ton/ha + Biofertilizer. 100 percent Recommended Dose of Fertilizer + vc @ 1ton/ha + PSB, 75 percent RDF + vermicompost @ 1t/ha + PSB, 75 percent RDF + vermicompost @ 1t/ha + PSB, 75 percent NPK + vc @ 1ton/ha + P-Solubilizing Biofertilizer, 75 percent NPK + vc @ 1ton/hectare + PSB, 75 percent NPK+ vc @ 1ton/hectare + PSB (Devi et al., 2011). The proper application of nitrogen is recognized as a crucial component in achieving several bumper wheat harvests. According to studies, a high nitrogen supply promotes the conversion of carbohydrates to proteins, which boosts protoplasm formation (Brady and Weil, 2002). Because N is an essential component of all proteins, it is involved in all phases of plant growth. The combination of NPK and Azolla compost boosted wheat yield the greatest (27.015%), followed by NPK and cow dung (24.42%) (Bharati et al., 2017). The number of tillers m-2 rose dramatically when PSB was combined with natural manures or other compositions. These results are similar to those of (Kumar et al., 1999), who discovered that inoculating with Azotobacter chrococcum greatly enhanced the number of plants per metre row (Afzal et al., 2005). When weighing the pros and cons of various therapies, The prescribed dosage of fertilizers (RDF) combined with Farmyard Mannure, biofertilizer, & Zn generated maximum yields of 50.39 and 52.73 qt/hectare in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 respectively, whereas RDF + FYM + BF yielded 49.28 qt/ha in 2007-08 and 51.22 qt/ha in 2008-09. It's unsurprising that increasing the quantity of nitrogen sprayed increased wheat grain yield (Jena et al., 1998). Increasing N levels boosted grain output by enhancing the amplitude of yield characteristics. Grain yields increased when the amount of N was increased and the yield characteristic was elevated. According to one research, the increase in yield contributing characteristics was attributed to higher nutrition or nitrogen intake, which led in greater dry material creation and transport to the abyss (Dalal and Dixit, 1987). Wheat tillers and the test weight was found to be affected significantly by the Integrated Nutrient Management (INM). The treatment (75 percent RDF + 10 t FYM ha-1) had the greatest crop height (78 centimeters), active tiller number (82.77), and average weight (test weight) (33.30 gram 1000 per seeds) of all the treatments. INM treatments that contribute N, as well as another nutrients and development-stimulating chemicals, may explain the rise in production contributing characteristics generated by organic manure (FYM 10 tonnes per hectare) (TejAlben et al., 2017). Using sophisticated agricultural practices and cultivars, wheat yield may be boosted (Sadat et al., 2010). Increased N (nitrogen) doses had a discernible impact on crop yield, with the greatest crop-grain output (yield) (3.91 ton/ha) at 150 Nitrogen kilogram per hectare (3.91 tonne per hacter), however N (nitrogen) doses over 100 kg N ha-1 had little effect on grain yield ha-1 (Maqsood et al., 2000). Ayoub went on to say that nitrogen fertilizer greatly increased grain output (Ayoub et al., 1994). When compared to the control Nitrogen-120 kilogram per hectare, Phosphorous-60 kilogram per hectare (RDF) i.e. T1 [grain and straw yields were 3209 kg per ha and 4223 kg per ha], the implementation of N-150 kg/ha, P-75 kg/ha + Farm yard manure @ 5 tonne per hacter + Azotobacter Biofertilizer + Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (Recommended Dose Of Fertilizer). It could also be largely a result of natural fertilizer (farmyard manure), BF, & syntheticfertilizer containing S in sufficient amounts, which plays a critical role in the degradation and incredibly simple release of various nutrient content as well as their accumulation through the plant, Thus, dry matter production is increased & also its absorption of various parts of the crop, their yield and crop growth attributes, and that in turn contrives (Desai et al., 2015). Dry matter accumulation, test weights, ineffective tillers, grain/spike, and grain /spike all rose with the combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers (Mary et al., 2018). Integrated Nutrient Management's Impact on Soil Productivity: In Integrated Nutrient Management, chemical fertilizers are combined with organic manure and input via the biological process (Jaga and Upadhya 2013). Organic matter has improved nutrient availability and soil water storage capacity, resulting in a more favorable soil environment for plants. Soil organic matter enhances soil porosity, apparent density, and water holding capacity, creating a favorable physical environment for the soil (Benbi and Nieder, 2003). By mixing vermicompost + PSB with fertilizer levels, the levels of Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium in the soil were considerably enhanced. Harvesting of wheat, available NPK levels were found to be highest when 100 percent NPK (RDF) + vermi-compost @ 1 tonne per hectare + Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and 75 percent NPK (RDF) + vermi-compost @ 1 tonne per hectare + Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria were used, and lowest when controls were used (Devi et al., 2011). Increased plant nutrient absorption, increased OC content in the soil, and enhanced Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium status in the soil have all been observed (Khan et al., 2007). Manure application in a particular year benefits not only the current season but also the next season. In a field experiment, nitrogen accessibility was 40% from manures & 15% from composts in the 1st year of treatment, & 18% from manure and 8% from composting in the second year of treatment, improving crop bio-mass and grain yield (Sarwar et al., 2007). Chemical fertilizers, farmyard manure, organic manure, and biofertilizers were used in combination to increase soil organic matter content, infiltration rate, moisture retention capacity, and aggregate stability of soil (Saha et al., 2010). Continuous use of organic fertilizers increases the effectiveness of chemical fertilizers in the soil by increasing soil microbial activity and adding organic soil colloids with a high nutrient retention surface area, which increased organic matter in the soil from 28.6 percent to 35.7 percent over a year of continuous application of farmyard manure (Manna et al., 2005). By combining chemical and organic fertilizers, it may be feasible to compensate for a lack of certain main (secondary) and minor nutrients in areas that have previously solely received synthetic fertilizers (Chand et al., 2006). Their addition to soil has created a soil environment that promotes humic acid production, enhanced soil microbial activity, and increased soil organic carbon content (Bajpai et al., 2006). Adding natural fertilizer (10 tonne Farm yard manure) to fertilizer concentrations dramatically boosted nutrient absorption by wheat crops and raised OC (organic carbon), Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium levels as compared to chemical fertilizer alone. The application of worm compost and Biofertilizer, which increase the life of soil microorganisms, has improved the soil's Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium levels (Pandey et al., 2009).