Varietal Reaction of Momordica charantia Germplasm to Viruses Infecting Bitter Gourd

Author: Ankitha M.O., Bindu M.R., Radhika N.S., Anand S. and Bhaskar Reddy S.

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Abstract

Diseases caused by viruses are among the most limiting factors for bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) production in India, which can reach up to 100% crop loss. Severe outbreaks of viral diseases can occur when there is a suitable environment for both the virus and its vector, combined with a lack of awareness about the diseases. The present study was conducted to screen out available bitter gourd germplasm against mosaic viruses. Reactions of 33 bitter gourd accessions belonging to Momordica charantia var. charantia and Momordica charantia var. muricata were studied by artificial inoculation with three viruses namely, Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV) and Papaya Ring Spot Virus (PRSV). All the genotypes exhibited varying degrees of reaction against viral infection when categorized on 0-5 scale. The average Percentage Disease Severity (PDS) estimates ranged from 0.00 to 86.67. Out of the 33 genotypes, 3 were resistant, which went on asymptomatic all through the experiment. Four genotypes were resistant, five were moderately resistant, six were moderately susceptible, 10 were susceptible and five were highly susceptible. The resistant genotypes identified are promising candidates for crop improvement programmes to develop mosaic resistant cultivars in bitter gourd.

Keywords

Bitter gourd, Momordica charantia, resistance, Mosaic, Per cent Disease Severity

Conclusion

The current study was conducted to identify bitter gourd genotypes that are resistant to three viruses namely Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) and Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV). Reaction of genotypes to viruses differed among the 33 genotypes and based on the disease reaction they were classified into six categories. Three highly resistant genotypes ie., Lodhi local, Udayagiri local and Therthali local were identified from the experiment. Presence of these viruses in the resistant genotypes was confirmed using DAS-ELISA.

References

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How to cite this article

Ankitha M.O., Bindu M.R., Radhika N.S., Anand S. and Bhaskar Reddy S. (2023). Varietal Reaction of Momordica charantia Germplasm to Viruses Infecting Bitter Gourd. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 15(4): 440-445.