Cowpea is a nutrient-rich crop providing affordable protein, nitrogen fixation, drought resistance, and adaptability to challenging environments. The study characterized cowpea germplasm lines based on seed traits, including colour, shape, and eye colour, revealing significant variation. ANOVA of seed quality parameters showed significant differences among genotypes, except for moisture content and mean seedling length. Genotype EC 075180 exhibited the highest 100-seed weight (18.70 g), NBC 51 the lowest moisture content (7.54%), and V-578 the highest germination (96%). Other superior genotypes included SUPER 30 recorded root length (22.72 cm), IC 97767(10) noticed shoot length (18.00 cm), NBC 016 showed mean seedling length (33.07 cm) and vigour index-I (2983), and EC 390287 with vigour index-II (3844). DC 15 recorded the lowest electrical conductivity (2.67), EC 075180 the highest dehydrogenase activity (3.98), and EC 492292 the highest protein content (29.93%). Controlled deterioration reduced germination and seedling vigour, but NBC 14 maintained higher germination (75.00), indicating better vigour under stress. These genotypes are recommended for breeding programs to enhance yield and seed quality under prevailing conditions.

cowpea, seed quality, controlled deterioration, germplasm, breeding program

Key findings included superior performance by genotypes EC 075180, NBC 51, and V 578 for quality traits such as hundred-seed weight, moisture content, and germination rate, respectively. Genotypes like SUPER 30, IC 97767(10), NBC 016, and EC 390287 excelled in parameters like root length, shoot length, seedling vigour indices, and seedling dry weight. Under controlled deterioration, NBC 14 demonstrated higher germination after stress conditions, showcasing its potential for stress tolerance and suitability for breeding programs aimed at improving seed vigour under challenging environments. In conclusion, these genotypes exhibit significant potential for maximizing yields and producing superior-quality seeds. They can serve as valuable parental lines for breeding programs targeting enhanced productivity and adaptability to varied growing conditions.

Abha Shrivastava, R. Siddaraju, Shantharaja C.S. and T.V. Krishna (2025). Studies on Growth Performance and Evaluation of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Genotypes for Seed Quality. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 17(1): 27-35.